{"id":136,"date":"2023-03-27T07:31:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-27T14:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?p=136"},"modified":"2023-03-27T07:31:00","modified_gmt":"2023-03-27T14:31:00","slug":"birkat-ha-ilanot-in-the-southern-hemisphere","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?p=136","title":{"rendered":"Birkat ha-Ilanot in the Southern Hemisphere"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=birkat-ha-ilanot\" target=\"_self\" title=\"&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1514; &#1492;&#1488;&#1497;&#1500;&#1504;&#1493;&#1514; - A blessing said upon seeing blossoming fruit trees in Nisan, or the first time one sees flowering trees in the season. For more details, see the Birkat ha-Ilanot Source Sheet. The words of the blessing are: &#1489;&#1468;&#1464;&#1512;&#1493;&#1468;&#1498;&#1456; &#1488;&#1463;&#1514;&#1468;&#1464;&#1492; &#1492;' &#1488;&#1457;&#1500;&#1465;&#1511;&#1497;&#1504;&#1493;&#1468; &#1502;&#1462;&#1500;&#1462;&#1498;&#1456; &#1492;&#1464;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1501; &#1513;&#1473;&#1462;&#1500;&#1468;&#1465;&#1488; &#1495;&#1460;&#1505;&#1468;&#1463;&#1512; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1502;&#1493;&#1465; &#1499;&#1468;&#1456;&#1500;&#1493;&#1468;&#1501; &#1493;&#1468;&#1489;&#1464;&#1512;&#1464;&#1488; &#1489;&#1493;&#1465; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1512;&#1460;&#1497;&#1468;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1493;&#1456;&#1488;&#1460;&#1497;&#1500;&#1464;&#1504;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Birkat ha-Ilanot<\/a> is a special blessing said once a year upon seeing blossoming fruit trees for the first time&#8288;&mdash;the <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=talmud\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Commonly refers to the Talmud Bavli, meaning the Mishnah (redacted Oral Law) with the Gemara (commentary) as redacted in Bavel (Babylon). It is also called by the acronym Shas, referring to the six orders (sedarim, sing. seder) into which the tractates (massekhtot, sing. massekhet) of the Mishnah and Gemara on it are divided. Today, there&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Talmud<\/a> says, &ldquo;in the days of Nisan.&rdquo; But what if one sees such a tree for the first time in a month other than Nisan? <\/strong><br><br><strong>What drew me to this topic is that Jewish law pertaining to the southern hemisphere elicits larger questions of how to apply halacha to novel situations, as well as how to treat subjects experientially and\/or scientifically unknown to<\/strong> <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=chazal\" target=\"_self\" title='&#1495;&#1494;\"&#1500; - \"our Sages, of blessed memory,\" the abbreviation for &#1495;&#1499;&#1502;&#1504;&#1493; &#1494;&#1499;&#1512;&#1493;&#1504;&#1501; &#1500;&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1492; - Chachmenu zichronam li-veracha, meaning the Tannaim (rabbis of the Mishnah period) and Amoraim (rabbis of the Gemara period). Variations are also used, such as &#1512;&#1494;\"&#1500; - Rabbotenu zichronam li-veracha, \"our teachers, of blessed memory.\"' class=\"encyclopedia\">Chazal<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=birkat-ha-ilanot\" target=\"_self\" title=\"&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1514; &#1492;&#1488;&#1497;&#1500;&#1504;&#1493;&#1514; - A blessing said upon seeing blossoming fruit trees in Nisan, or the first time one sees flowering trees in the season. For more details, see the Birkat ha-Ilanot Source Sheet. The words of the blessing are: &#1489;&#1468;&#1464;&#1512;&#1493;&#1468;&#1498;&#1456; &#1488;&#1463;&#1514;&#1468;&#1464;&#1492; &#1492;' &#1488;&#1457;&#1500;&#1465;&#1511;&#1497;&#1504;&#1493;&#1468; &#1502;&#1462;&#1500;&#1462;&#1498;&#1456; &#1492;&#1464;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1501; &#1513;&#1473;&#1462;&#1500;&#1468;&#1465;&#1488; &#1495;&#1460;&#1505;&#1468;&#1463;&#1512; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1502;&#1493;&#1465; &#1499;&#1468;&#1456;&#1500;&#1493;&#1468;&#1501; &#1493;&#1468;&#1489;&#1464;&#1512;&#1464;&#1488; &#1489;&#1493;&#1465; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1512;&#1460;&#1497;&#1468;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1493;&#1456;&#1488;&#1460;&#1497;&#1500;&#1464;&#1504;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Birkat ha-Ilanot<\/a> brings up lots of fascinating intricacies,<span id=\"easy-footnote-1-136\" class=\"easy-footnote-margin-adjust\"><\/span><span class=\"easy-footnote\"><a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?p=136#easy-footnote-bottom-1-136\" title=\"Among the questions discussed by the poskim are: which kinds of trees are eligible for the blessing (especially grafted ones); whether it can be said during a tree&amp;#8217;s orlah period (three years after being planted) or during the shemita year (when it&amp;#8217;s prohibited to use the produce of Eretz Yisrael); the type of blessing that it constitutes; and the wording of it. There are divided opinions on all of these matters, including a divided opinion on whether there is a divided opinion.\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span> the major conceptual ones being whether this is a time-bound mitzvah and whether it is intrinsic to the month of Nisan.<span id=\"easy-footnote-2-136\" class=\"easy-footnote-margin-adjust\"><\/span><span class=\"easy-footnote\"><a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?p=136#easy-footnote-bottom-2-136\" title=\"That is whether seasonality is the same as she ha-zeman gerama.\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span> Is the blessing bound up in the sighting of a blossoming tree (or multiple trees), or is it, rather, about seeing a blossoming tree(s) at a particular span of time? Since there is the potential to say a <em>beracha li-vetala<\/em>, an unwarranted blessing with Shem Hashem, this is an important matter. One of the most interesting test cases for this question is what one does in the southern hemisphere, such as South Africa or Australia, where Nisan is the start of Autumn.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"simpletoc-title\">Table of Contents<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"simpletoc-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#the-source-in-the-gemara\">The Source in the Gemara<\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#background-question-1-timebound-vs-seasonal\">Background Question 1: Time-Bound vs. Seasonal<\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#background-question-2-nisan-specifically\">Background Question 2: Nisan Specifically?<\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#in-the-southern-hemisphere\">In the Southern Hemisphere<\/a>\n<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 id=\"the-source-in-the-gemara\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Source in the Gemara<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The wording of the blessing, and its circumstances, are laid out in a meimra of Rav Yehuda in Masechet Berachot:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sefaria.org\/Berakhot.43b.3\"><strong>Berachot 43b<\/strong><\/a> Rav Yehuda said: One who goes out during Nisan and sees trees that are blossoming recites: Blessed&hellip;who has withheld nothing from His world, and has created in it beautiful creatures and trees for human beings to enjoy.<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1493;&#1514; &#1502;&#1490; &#1506;&rsquo; &#1489;<\/strong> &#1488;&#1464;&#1502;&#1463;&#1512; &#1512;&#1463;&#1489; &#1497;&#1456;&#1492;&#1493;&#1468;&#1491;&#1464;&#1492;: &#1492;&#1463;&#1488;&#1497; &#1502;&#1463;&#1488;&#1503; &#1491;&#1456;&#1468;&#1504;&#1464;&#1508;&#1461;&#1497;&#1511; &#1489;&#1456;&#1468;&#1497;&#1493;&#1465;&#1502;&#1461;&#1497; &#1504;&#1460;&#1497;&#1505;&#1464;&#1503; &#1493;&#1456;&#1495;&#1464;&#1494;&#1461;&#1497; &#1488;&#1460;&#1497;&#1500;&#1464;&#1504;&#1461;&#1497; &#1491;&#1456;&#1468;&#1511;&#1464;&#1488; &#1502;&#1456;&#1500;&#1463;&#1489;&#1456;&#1500;&#1456;&#1489;&#1460;&#1497;, &#1488;&#1493;&#1465;&#1502;&#1461;&#1512;: &#1524;&#1489;&#1464;&#1468;&#1512;&#1493;&#1468;&#1498;&#1456; &#1513;&#1462;&#1473;&#1500;&#1465;&#1468;&#1488; &#1495;&#1460;&#1497;&#1505;&#1461;&#1468;&#1512; &#1489;&#1456;&#1468;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1502;&#1493;&#1465; &#1499;&#1456;&#1468;&#1500;&#1493;&#1468;&#1501;<span id=\"easy-footnote-3-136\" class=\"easy-footnote-margin-adjust\"><\/span><span class=\"easy-footnote\"><a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?p=136#easy-footnote-bottom-3-136\" title=\"The Gra, in his isddur, substitutes the word &#1491;&#1489;&#1512; for &#1499;&#1500;&#1493;&#1501;, but most poskim prefer &#1499;&#1500;&#1493;&#1501;.\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span> &#1493;&#1468;&#1489;&#1464;&#1512;&#1464;&#1488; &#1489;&#1468;&#1493;&#1465; &#1489;&#1456;&#1468;&#1512;&#1460;&#1497;&#1468;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1493;&#1456;&#1488;&#1460;&#1497;&#1500;&#1464;&#1504;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1500;&#1456;&#1492;&#1460;&#1514;&#1456;&#1504;&#1464;&#1488;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1489;&#1464;&#1468;&#1492;&#1462;&#1503; &#1489;&#1456;&#1468;&#1504;&#1461;&#1497; &#1488;&#1464;&#1491;&#1464;&#1501;&#1524;.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is codified in Rambam, Hilchot Berachot 10:13 and Tur and <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=shulchan-aruch\" target=\"_self\" title=\"&#1513;&#1500;&#1495;&#1503; &#1506;&#1512;&#1493;&#1498; (&quot;The Set Table&quot;) - A code of Jewish law, written in 1563 by R. Yosef Karo, a Sefardi rabbi, which became accepted as authoritative and normative with the addition of glosses incorporating Ashkenazi practice by Rema. Shulchan Aruch is actually a summary of Karo's important, and much larger, halachic work, the Beit Yosef.&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Shulchan Aruch<\/a> Orach Chaim 226:1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"background-question-1-timebound-vs-seasonal\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Background Question 1: Time-Bound vs. Seasonal<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R. Tzvi Pesach Frank rules in <a href=\"https:\/\/hebrewbooks.org\/20947\"><em>Har Tzvi, Orach Chayyim<\/em><\/a> 1:118 that <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=birkat-ha-ilanot\" target=\"_self\" title=\"&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1514; &#1492;&#1488;&#1497;&#1500;&#1504;&#1493;&#1514; - A blessing said upon seeing blossoming fruit trees in Nisan, or the first time one sees flowering trees in the season. For more details, see the Birkat ha-Ilanot Source Sheet. The words of the blessing are: &#1489;&#1468;&#1464;&#1512;&#1493;&#1468;&#1498;&#1456; &#1488;&#1463;&#1514;&#1468;&#1464;&#1492; &#1492;' &#1488;&#1457;&#1500;&#1465;&#1511;&#1497;&#1504;&#1493;&#1468; &#1502;&#1462;&#1500;&#1462;&#1498;&#1456; &#1492;&#1464;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1501; &#1513;&#1473;&#1462;&#1500;&#1468;&#1465;&#1488; &#1495;&#1460;&#1505;&#1468;&#1463;&#1512; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1502;&#1493;&#1465; &#1499;&#1468;&#1456;&#1500;&#1493;&#1468;&#1501; &#1493;&#1468;&#1489;&#1464;&#1512;&#1464;&#1488; &#1489;&#1493;&#1465; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1512;&#1460;&#1497;&#1468;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1493;&#1456;&#1488;&#1460;&#1497;&#1500;&#1464;&#1504;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">birkat ha-ilanot<\/a> is not a time-bound mitzvah, because it is not caused by time but rather is caused by a different natural factor. He cites the analogy to bikurim (first fruits), which may also appear to be time-bound because they may only be brought up until Chanukah; but this is not related to time (zman Chanukah) but rather to the fact that crops do not grow after Chanukah. Since women, who are exempted from time-bound positive commandments, are explicitly obligated to bring bikurim, it follows that they, too, are obligated in <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=birkat-ha-ilanot\" target=\"_self\" title=\"&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1514; &#1492;&#1488;&#1497;&#1500;&#1504;&#1493;&#1514; - A blessing said upon seeing blossoming fruit trees in Nisan, or the first time one sees flowering trees in the season. For more details, see the Birkat ha-Ilanot Source Sheet. The words of the blessing are: &#1489;&#1468;&#1464;&#1512;&#1493;&#1468;&#1498;&#1456; &#1488;&#1463;&#1514;&#1468;&#1464;&#1492; &#1492;' &#1488;&#1457;&#1500;&#1465;&#1511;&#1497;&#1504;&#1493;&#1468; &#1502;&#1462;&#1500;&#1462;&#1498;&#1456; &#1492;&#1464;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1501; &#1513;&#1473;&#1462;&#1500;&#1468;&#1465;&#1488; &#1495;&#1460;&#1505;&#1468;&#1463;&#1512; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1502;&#1493;&#1465; &#1499;&#1468;&#1456;&#1500;&#1493;&#1468;&#1501; &#1493;&#1468;&#1489;&#1464;&#1512;&#1464;&#1488; &#1489;&#1493;&#1465; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1512;&#1460;&#1497;&#1468;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1493;&#1456;&#1488;&#1460;&#1497;&#1500;&#1464;&#1504;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">birkat ha-ilanot<\/a>. <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=birkat-ha-ilanot\" target=\"_self\" title=\"&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1514; &#1492;&#1488;&#1497;&#1500;&#1504;&#1493;&#1514; - A blessing said upon seeing blossoming fruit trees in Nisan, or the first time one sees flowering trees in the season. For more details, see the Birkat ha-Ilanot Source Sheet. The words of the blessing are: &#1489;&#1468;&#1464;&#1512;&#1493;&#1468;&#1498;&#1456; &#1488;&#1463;&#1514;&#1468;&#1464;&#1492; &#1492;' &#1488;&#1457;&#1500;&#1465;&#1511;&#1497;&#1504;&#1493;&#1468; &#1502;&#1462;&#1500;&#1462;&#1498;&#1456; &#1492;&#1464;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1501; &#1513;&#1473;&#1462;&#1500;&#1468;&#1465;&#1488; &#1495;&#1460;&#1505;&#1468;&#1463;&#1512; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1502;&#1493;&#1465; &#1499;&#1468;&#1456;&#1500;&#1493;&#1468;&#1501; &#1493;&#1468;&#1489;&#1464;&#1512;&#1464;&#1488; &#1489;&#1493;&#1465; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1512;&#1460;&#1497;&#1468;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1493;&#1456;&#1488;&#1460;&#1497;&#1500;&#1464;&#1504;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Birkat ha-Ilanot<\/a> is caused by natural factors rather than time itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/trmarvin.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/%D7%94%D7%A8-%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%99-%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%97-%D7%97%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%97-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4307\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/trmarvin.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/%D7%94%D7%A8-%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%99-%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%97-%D7%97%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%97-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4308\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"background-question-2-nisan-specifically\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Background Question 2: Nisan Specifically?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=talmud\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Commonly refers to the Talmud Bavli, meaning the Mishnah (redacted Oral Law) with the Gemara (commentary) as redacted in Bavel (Babylon). It is also called by the acronym Shas, referring to the six orders (sedarim, sing. seder) into which the tractates (massekhtot, sing. massekhet) of the Mishnah and Gemara on it are divided. Today, there&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Talmud<\/a>ic discussion, it&rsquo;s presumed that the month in which the first blossoming of trees occurs is Nisan.<span id=\"easy-footnote-4-136\" class=\"easy-footnote-margin-adjust\"><\/span><span class=\"easy-footnote\"><a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?p=136#easy-footnote-bottom-4-136\" title=\"Berakhot 43b: &#1492;&#1463;&#1488;&#1497; &#1502;&#1463;&#1488;&#1503; &#1491;&#1456;&#1468;&#1504;&#1464;&#1508;&#1461;&#1497;&#1511; &#1489;&#1456;&#1468;&#1497;&#1493;&#1465;&#1502;&#1461;&#1497; &#1504;&#1460;&#1497;&#1505;&#1464;&#1503; &#1493;&#1456;&#1495;&#1464;&#1494;&#1461;&#1497; &#1488;&#1460;&#1497;&#1500;&#1464;&#1504;&#1461;&#1497; &#1491;&#1456;&#1468;&#1511;&#1464;&#1488; &#1502;&#1456;&#1500;&#1463;&#1489;&#1456;&#1500;&#1456;&#1489;&#1460;&#1497;.\"><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span> However, this leaves open the question, must the blessing be said exclusively in the month of Nisan, and what does one do if one sees a blossoming tree for the first time earlier or later than Nisan? It is this question that allows for an exploration of the novel circumstances of the timing on the Jewish calendar of Spring in the southern hemisphere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=ritva\" target=\"_self\" title=\"R. Yom Tov ben Avraham Ishvili (&quot;of Seville&quot;) - &#1512;&#1497;&#1496;&#1489;&quot;&#1488; - &#1512;' &#1497;&#1493;&#1501; &#1496;&#1493;&#1489; &#1489;&#1503; &#1488;&#1489;&#1512;&#1492;&#1501; &#1488;&#1513;&#1489;&#1497;&#1500;&#1497; (c. 1250&ndash;1330) is one of the foremost Sefardi commentators on the Talmud. Life Though his family was apparently from Seville in southern Spain, Ritva is associated with Zaragoza (Saragossa) in Aragon, where he was a dayan (rabbinical court&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Ritva<\/a>, in a comment which the Minchat Yitzhak cites and emphasizes, rules that the first flowering tree one sees in the Springtime:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-text-align-left is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\">&#1508;&#1497;&#1523; &#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1492; &#1494;&#1493; &#1489;&#1513;&#1501; &#1493;&#1502;&#1500;&#1499;&#1493;&#1514; &#1488;&#1500;&#1488; &#1513;&#1492;&#1514;&#1500;&#1502;&#1493;&#1491; &#1511;&#1510;&#1512; &#1493;&#1497;&#1493;&#1502;&#1497; &#1504;&#1497;&#1505;&#1503; &#1500;&#1488;&#1493; &#1491;&#1493;&#1511;&#1488; &#1488;&#1500;&#1488; &#1499;&#1500; &#1502;&#1511;&#1493;&#1501; &#1493;&#1502;&#1511;&#1493;&#1501; &#1500;&#1508;&#1497; &#1502;&#1492; &#1513;&#1492;&#1493;&#1488; &#1491;&#1502;&#1500;&#1489;&#1500;&#1489;&#1497; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">&ldquo;Meaning that this blessing with the opening formulation, about which the <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=talmud\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Commonly refers to the Talmud Bavli, meaning the Mishnah (redacted Oral Law) with the Gemara (commentary) as redacted in Bavel (Babylon). It is also called by the acronym Shas, referring to the six orders (sedarim, sing. seder) into which the tractates (massekhtot, sing. massekhet) of the Mishnah and Gemara on it are divided. Today, there&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Talmud<\/a> stated in brief &lsquo;and the days of Nisan,&rdquo; it&rsquo;s not explicitly those, rather in each place according to when they [trees] blossom.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<cite><a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=ritva\" target=\"_self\" title=\"R. Yom Tov ben Avraham Ishvili (&quot;of Seville&quot;) - &#1512;&#1497;&#1496;&#1489;&quot;&#1488; - &#1512;' &#1497;&#1493;&#1501; &#1496;&#1493;&#1489; &#1489;&#1503; &#1488;&#1489;&#1512;&#1492;&#1501; &#1488;&#1513;&#1489;&#1497;&#1500;&#1497; (c. 1250&ndash;1330) is one of the foremost Sefardi commentators on the Talmud. Life Though his family was apparently from Seville in southern Spain, Ritva is associated with Zaragoza (Saragossa) in Aragon, where he was a dayan (rabbinical court&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Ritva<\/a> to Rosh Hashana 11a s.v. <strong>&#1492;&#1488;&#1497; &#1491;&#1504;&#1508;&#1497;&#1511; &#1489;&#1497;&#1493;&#1502;&#1497; &#1504;&#1497;&#1505;&#1503;<\/strong>.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many Acharonim pick up this ruling and say the same, in particular, the <em>Mishnah Berurah<\/em> 226:1.<span id=\"easy-footnote-5-136\" class=\"easy-footnote-margin-adjust\"><\/span><span class=\"easy-footnote\"><a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?p=136#easy-footnote-bottom-5-136\" title='Also &lt;a href=\"https:\/\/hebrewbooks.org\/20947\"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Har Tzvi, Orach Chayyim&lt;\/em&gt;&lt;\/a&gt; 1:118.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span> However, inter alia, R. Ovadia Yosef in <em>Yechaveh Da&rsquo;at<\/em> 1:1 says it is preferable to say <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=birkat-ha-ilanot\" target=\"_self\" title=\"&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1514; &#1492;&#1488;&#1497;&#1500;&#1504;&#1493;&#1514; - A blessing said upon seeing blossoming fruit trees in Nisan, or the first time one sees flowering trees in the season. For more details, see the Birkat ha-Ilanot Source Sheet. The words of the blessing are: &#1489;&#1468;&#1464;&#1512;&#1493;&#1468;&#1498;&#1456; &#1488;&#1463;&#1514;&#1468;&#1464;&#1492; &#1492;' &#1488;&#1457;&#1500;&#1465;&#1511;&#1497;&#1504;&#1493;&#1468; &#1502;&#1462;&#1500;&#1462;&#1498;&#1456; &#1492;&#1464;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1501; &#1513;&#1473;&#1462;&#1500;&#1468;&#1465;&#1488; &#1495;&#1460;&#1505;&#1468;&#1463;&#1512; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1502;&#1493;&#1465; &#1499;&#1468;&#1456;&#1500;&#1493;&#1468;&#1501; &#1493;&#1468;&#1489;&#1464;&#1512;&#1464;&#1488; &#1489;&#1493;&#1465; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1512;&#1460;&#1497;&#1468;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1493;&#1456;&#1488;&#1460;&#1497;&#1500;&#1464;&#1504;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">birkat ha-ilanot<\/a> in Nisan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In some locales, the first blossoming of trees could occur later in the season, such as in Iyar, in which case most, but not all, poskim say that the blessing should be said upon first sighting in Iyar. For instance, the <em>Aruch ha-Shulchan<\/em> says in <em>Orach Chayyim<\/em> 226:1: &ldquo;&#1493;&#1489;&#1502;&#1491;&#1497;&#1504;&#1514;&#1497;&#1504;&#1493; &#1488;&#1497;&#1504;&#1493; &#1489;&#1504;&#1497;&#1505;&#1503; &#1488;&#1500;&#1488; &#1489;&#1488;&#1497;&#1497;&#1512; &#1488;&#1493; &#1514;&#1495;&#1500;&#1514; &#1505;&#1497;&#1493;&#1503;, &#1493;&#1488;&#1494; &#1488;&#1504;&#1493; &#1502;&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1497;&#1503;&rdquo; &ndash; &ldquo;And in our countries it [the blossoming] is not in Nisan but rather in Iyar or the beginning of Sivan, and that is when we bless.&rdquo; In other locales (such as last year here in Los Angeles), this could occur in the month of Adar, in which case, the blessing would be said upon first sighting in Adar.<span id=\"easy-footnote-6-136\" class=\"easy-footnote-margin-adjust\"><\/span><span class=\"easy-footnote\"><a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?p=136#easy-footnote-bottom-6-136\" title=\"\"><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span>See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sefaria.org.il\/Ba'er_Hetev_on_Shulchan_Arukh%2C_Orach_Chayim.226.1?lang=bi&amp;with=all&amp;lang2=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Be&rsquo;er Heitev, Orach Chaim<\/em> 226:1<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"in-the-southern-hemisphere\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">In the Southern Hemisphere<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It would thus seem that in the southern hemisphere, unknown to <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=chazal\" target=\"_self\" title='&#1495;&#1494;\"&#1500; - \"our Sages, of blessed memory,\" the abbreviation for &#1495;&#1499;&#1502;&#1504;&#1493; &#1494;&#1499;&#1512;&#1493;&#1504;&#1501; &#1500;&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1492; - Chachmenu zichronam li-veracha, meaning the Tannaim (rabbis of the Mishnah period) and Amoraim (rabbis of the Gemara period). Variations are also used, such as &#1512;&#1494;\"&#1500; - Rabbotenu zichronam li-veracha, \"our teachers, of blessed memory.\"' class=\"encyclopedia\">Chazal<\/a>, we would apply the principle that one says <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=birkat-ha-ilanot\" target=\"_self\" title=\"&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1514; &#1492;&#1488;&#1497;&#1500;&#1504;&#1493;&#1514; - A blessing said upon seeing blossoming fruit trees in Nisan, or the first time one sees flowering trees in the season. For more details, see the Birkat ha-Ilanot Source Sheet. The words of the blessing are: &#1489;&#1468;&#1464;&#1512;&#1493;&#1468;&#1498;&#1456; &#1488;&#1463;&#1514;&#1468;&#1464;&#1492; &#1492;' &#1488;&#1457;&#1500;&#1465;&#1511;&#1497;&#1504;&#1493;&#1468; &#1502;&#1462;&#1500;&#1462;&#1498;&#1456; &#1492;&#1464;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1501; &#1513;&#1473;&#1462;&#1500;&#1468;&#1465;&#1488; &#1495;&#1460;&#1505;&#1468;&#1463;&#1512; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1502;&#1493;&#1465; &#1499;&#1468;&#1456;&#1500;&#1493;&#1468;&#1501; &#1493;&#1468;&#1489;&#1464;&#1512;&#1464;&#1488; &#1489;&#1493;&#1465; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1512;&#1460;&#1497;&#1468;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1493;&#1456;&#1488;&#1460;&#1497;&#1500;&#1464;&#1504;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">birkat ha-ilanot<\/a> on the first eligible trees int he springtime. This is the ruling of Rav Yitzhak Yaakov Weiss (the Minchat Yitzchak<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><\/span>), who addresses this question directly and is a frequently cited source. He states that <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=birkat-ha-ilanot\" target=\"_self\" title=\"&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1514; &#1492;&#1488;&#1497;&#1500;&#1504;&#1493;&#1514; - A blessing said upon seeing blossoming fruit trees in Nisan, or the first time one sees flowering trees in the season. For more details, see the Birkat ha-Ilanot Source Sheet. The words of the blessing are: &#1489;&#1468;&#1464;&#1512;&#1493;&#1468;&#1498;&#1456; &#1488;&#1463;&#1514;&#1468;&#1464;&#1492; &#1492;' &#1488;&#1457;&#1500;&#1465;&#1511;&#1497;&#1504;&#1493;&#1468; &#1502;&#1462;&#1500;&#1462;&#1498;&#1456; &#1492;&#1464;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1501; &#1513;&#1473;&#1462;&#1500;&#1468;&#1465;&#1488; &#1495;&#1460;&#1505;&#1468;&#1463;&#1512; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1506;&#1493;&#1465;&#1500;&#1464;&#1502;&#1493;&#1465; &#1499;&#1468;&#1456;&#1500;&#1493;&#1468;&#1501; &#1493;&#1468;&#1489;&#1464;&#1512;&#1464;&#1488; &#1489;&#1493;&#1465; &#1489;&#1468;&#1456;&#1512;&#1460;&#1497;&#1468;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1493;&#1456;&#1488;&#1460;&#1497;&#1500;&#1464;&#1504;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514; &#1496;&#1493;&#1465;&#1489;&#1493;&#1465;&#1514;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">birkat ha-ilanot<\/a> is said in the southern hemisphere at the time that the trees blossom, be it Elul, Tishrei, or Cheshvan. In <a href=\"https:\/\/hebrewbooks.org\/1601\"><em>Minchat Yitzchak<\/em> 10<\/a>:16 he writes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/trmarvin.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%AA-%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%97%D7%A7-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4306\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/trmarvin.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%AA-%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%97%D7%A7-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4304\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/trmarvin.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%AA-%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%97%D7%A7-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4305\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"369\" src=\"https:\/\/trmarvin.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%AA-%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%97%D7%A7-%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4303\" srcset=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/&#1502;&#1504;&#1495;&#1514;-&#1497;&#1510;&#1495;&#1511;-&#1506;&#1500;-&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1514;-&#1492;&#1488;&#1500;&#1504;&#1493;&#1514;.png 350w, http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/&#1502;&#1504;&#1495;&#1514;-&#1497;&#1510;&#1495;&#1511;-&#1506;&#1500;-&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1514;-&#1492;&#1488;&#1500;&#1504;&#1493;&#1514;-285x300.png 285w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I&rsquo;ve translated the most salient part below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-text-align-right is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#1489;&#1488;&#1493;&#1505;&#1496;&#1512;&#1500;&#1497;&rsquo; &#1494;&#1502;&#1503; &#1492;&#1508;&#1512;&#1497;&#1495;&#1492; &#1489;&#1495;&#1493;&#1491;&#1513; &#1488;&#1500;&#1493;&#1500; &#1514;&#1513;&#1512;&#1497;, &#1493;&#1504;&#1512;&#1488;&#1492; &#1513;&#1505;&rdquo;&#1500; &#1513;&#1488;&#1494; &#1494;&#1502;&#1503; &#1492;&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1492;&hellip;&#1488;&#1489;&#1500; &#1489;&#1488;&#1504;&#1513;&#1497;&#1501; &#1491;&#1513;&#1501; &#1497;&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1493; &#1489;&#1495;&#1491;&#1513;&#1497;&#1503; &#1492;&#1504;&rdquo;&#1500;, &#1493;&#1502;&#1502;&#1497;&#1500;&#1488; &#1504;&#1508;&#1513;&#1496; &#1506;&#1497;&#1511;&#1512; &#1513;&#1488;&#1500;&#1514;&#1493;&hellip;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#1488;&#1508;&#1513;&#1512; &#1500;&#1493;&#1502;&#1512; &#1491;&#1489;&#1488;&#1502;&#1514; &#1505;&rdquo;&#1500; &#1491;&#1493;&#1511;&#1488; &#1504;&#1497;&#1505;&#1503; &#1512;&#1511; &#1500;&#1502;&#1513;&#1500; &#1499;&#1502;&#1493; &#1489;&#1488;&#1493;&#1505;&#1496;&#1512;&#1500;&#1497;&rsquo; &#1502;&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1497;&#1503; &#1489;&#1502;&#1512;&#1495;&#1513;&#1493;&#1503;, &#1493;&#1488;&#1497;&#1503; &#1512;&#1488;&#1497;&rsquo; &#1502;&#1494;&#1492; &#1489;&#1488;&rdquo;&#1497; &#1493;&#1489;&#1489;&#1500; &#1488;&#1497; &#1502;&#1493;&#1514;&#1512; &#1500;&#1489;&#1512;&#1498; &#1489;&#1495;&#1491;&#1513; &#1488;&#1497;&#1497;&#1512;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">In Australia the time of blossoming is in the months of Elul-Tishrei, and it seems reasonable that that is the time of the blessing&hellip;there the people say the blessing in the aforementioned months, and by this way the essence of his question is made simple&hellip;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">We may say that they [<a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=chazal\" target=\"_self\" title='&#1495;&#1494;\"&#1500; - \"our Sages, of blessed memory,\" the abbreviation for &#1495;&#1499;&#1502;&#1504;&#1493; &#1494;&#1499;&#1512;&#1493;&#1504;&#1501; &#1500;&#1489;&#1512;&#1499;&#1492; - Chachmenu zichronam li-veracha, meaning the Tannaim (rabbis of the Mishnah period) and Amoraim (rabbis of the Gemara period). Variations are also used, such as &#1512;&#1494;\"&#1500; - Rabbotenu zichronam li-veracha, \"our teachers, of blessed memory.\"' class=\"encyclopedia\">Chazal<\/a>] reasoned specifically in Nisan by way of example, just as in Australia one blesses in Marcheshvan, but this is not evidence as to whether it is permissible to bless in Adar or Iyar in Eretz Yisrael or <a href=\"http:\/\/trmarvin.org\/?encyclopedia=bavel\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Bavel - &#1489;&#1489;&#1500; (Babylonia) is what Jews called the region of present-day Iraq. In the Talmudic period it included Persia and was ruled in Sasanians. Later, in the period of the Geonim, by the Abbasid Muslim caliphate.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Bavel<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In itself, this ruling is fascinating as an example of taking into account new information that alters the context in which a mitzvah is performed. Ultimately, the event&mdash;the blossoming of the trees&mdash;is judged the defining reason for the blessing, and the timing&mdash;in the month of Nisan&mdash;exemplary rather than definitive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\">\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Image: Photo by <a href=\"\">Tim Mossholder<\/a> on <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText\">Unsplash<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Birkat ha-Ilanot is a special blessing said once a year upon seeing blossoming fruit trees for the first time\u2060\u2014the Talmud says, &#8220;in the days of Nisan.&#8221; But what if one sees such a tree for the first time in a month other than Nisan? What drew me to this topic is that Jewish law pertaining [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1637,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_vp_format_video_url":"","_vp_image_focal_point":[],"webmentions_disabled_pings":false,"webmentions_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[61,88],"class_list":["post-136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-halacha","tag-holidays--","tag-passover-"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Birkat ha-Ilanot in the Southern Hemisphere - Tamar Marvin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Birkat ha-Ilanot is a special blessing said once a year upon seeing blossoming fruit trees for the first time\u2060. 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